Among the vast variety of diagnostic
tools used by allergists to diagnose allergic disorders, skin prick tests are the easiest ones that produce quick and
effective results almost immediately.
Uses
of Test
A skin prick test, also called a skin scratch test or skin puncture test, can be
used to detect up to forty potential allergens at a time. It is most commonly
prescribed to identify allergies caused by dust mites, pollen, mold spores,
animal dander and foods. For a skin scratch test, a small amount of diluted
allergen extract is applied on the surface of the skin using a small prick. The
procedure is non-invasive and painless and can be completed within an hour long
doctor’s appointment.
Procedure
for Testing
A skin puncture test is simple but it
needs to be carried out by a properly trained nurse under the supervision of a
professional allergist with knowledge of risks associated with the test
procedure. The nurse will begin by observing the skin, usually on the forearm
or upper back, and identify sites where the allergen extract will be applied.
After the site is rubbed with alcohol and allergen extract is applied, the area
is observed for ten to fifteen minutes for signs of a reaction. A raised, red,
itchy bump (also called a wheal) indicates the person may be sensitized to a
particular allergen. A large sized bump indicates that the person has greater
sensitivity to the allergen. Only a qualified allergist is the right person to
evaluate after taking into consideration test readings, variables and other
factors.
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